… any one of you who does not renounce all that he has cannot be my disciple. (Luke 14:33)
The word translated ‘disciple’ is μαθητής mathétés and it means one who subjects themselves to mental effort or rigour; mathematics, clearly a subject that demands much intellectual application, derives from the same root, mathema, which is literally ‘that which is learnt’.
A disciple, then, is different to a ‘follower’. During his ministry, large numbers of people followed Jesus from town to town and mountainside to lakeside, but only a handful transitioned into discipleship, why was this? Because few were willing to make the necessary effort or to pay the extreme cost of worldly renunciation. Jesus outlines by this first employing plain language:
Now great crowds accompanied him, and he turned and said to them, ‘If anyone comes to me and does not hate his own father and mother and wife and children and brothers and sisters, yes, and even his own life, he cannot be my disciple …’ (ibid 14:25-26)
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